Sri Lanka’s cultural heritage dates back thousands of years and is reflected in its ancient cities, impressive temples, and UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Introduction

Sri Lanka’s cultural triangle is between Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa and Dambulla, inclusive of everything in between. These cities are located in the center of the island and are easily accessible by road from popular destinations such as Colombo, Kandy, Nuwara Eliya, Trincomalee and Galle. A short internal transfer via an air taxi service can get you there faster if you are short on time.

A wealth of history and religious sites are waiting to be explored within the ancient cities of Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa, with the Cave Temples in Dambulla making up the third point to close the triangle. The iconic Lion’s Rock in Sigiriya is also located within the triangle along with the national parks of Kaudulla and Minneriya.

The three cities in this triangle can easily be accommodated into different Sri Lanka tour itineraries. You can start off on the east coast by air and then head inland by road – starting with the triangle and then incorporating Kandy, Nuwara Eliya and Yala into the tour of Sri Lanka. Alternatively, you could begin the tour with the triangle and then move on to the southwest coast of Galle and Bentota for a few nights.

Places to visit

Anuradhapura : A City Frozen in Time

Anuradhapura, another UNESCO World Heritage Site, was once a flourishing ancient capital of Sri Lanka. Explore the well-preserved ruins of grand stupas, monasteries, and palaces that showcase the architectural prowess of the ancient Sinhalese civilization. Don’t miss the sacred Sri Maha Bodhi tree, believed to be the oldest living tree in the world.

Polonnaruwa : Ancient Royal City

Polonnaruwa, the second ancient capital of Sri Lanka, is home to a remarkable collection of well-preserved ruins. Marvel at the Gal Vihara, a group of exquisite rock-cut Buddha statues, and the impressive archaeological sites that offer a glimpse into the glory of the past.

Mihintale

Mihintale is a nearby Buddhist pilgrimage site – a mountainous outcrop worshipped as the spot where Buddhism was first introduced to Sri Lanka. The climb to the top is long and steep, but the remnants of statues, stupas, as well as the stunning surrounding view makes the climb worth it.

Dambulla Cave Temples

The Dambulla Cave Temples are another highlight of the Cultural Triangle – a series of cave temples that became a sanctuary for King Valagamba when he was forced to flee. These caves then became a royal place of worship and were detailed with murals and statues. 364 steps will take you to the top, and during the climb, don’t be surprised to be followed by a few opportunistic monkeys!

Sigiriya Rock Fortress

Sigiriya, also known as the Lion Rock, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Sri Lanka’s most iconic and historically significant landmarks. Located in the central Matale District, Sigiriya is a must-visit destination for travelers seeking a glimpse into the island’s ancient past and breathtaking natural beauty. Rising 660 feet (200 meters) above the surrounding landscape, the massive rock served as a fortified royal citadel and the palace complex of King Kasyapa during the 5th century AD. As visitors ascend the steep staircases and walkways, they encounter the impressive Sigiriya Frescoes, well-preserved ancient paintings of celestial maidens known as “Apsaras,” adorning a sheltered rock face. The journey leads to the Lion Platform, where the remnants of massive lion paws once guarded the entrance to the upper palace. At the summit, travelers are rewarded with panoramic views of lush greenery, reflecting pools, and distant mountains, making the entire experience truly awe-inspiring.

Sigiriya’s historical significance and remarkable architecture have earned it a UNESCO World Heritage status in 1982. The site continues to be meticulously preserved, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the ancient history and engineering ingenuity of Sri Lanka. To make the most of the visit, it’s advisable to wear comfortable footwear and plan the ascent during early morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds and the heat. Engaging a knowledgeable guide adds depth to the experience, providing fascinating insights into the history and stories associated with Sigiriya. With its blend of history, nature, and breathtaking views, Sigiriya stands as a testament to the brilliance of ancient Sri Lankan civilization and remains a captivating destination for travelers seeking an unforgettable adventure.

National Parks

• Minneriya National Park
• Kaudulla National Park
• Eco Park

Each of these National Parks offer a welcoming change from exploring temples and other Buddhist ruins. A guided jeep safari will take you through the tropical forest, wetlands and grasslands where you can observe to see the deer, monkeys, fish eagles, elephants and crocodiles. Leopards and sloth bears are often hidden behind the dense foliage and are visible if you are lucky. Minneriya National Park is in known to have the largest gathering of elephants in the world – a sight not to be missed!

Discover Our Unique Tours and Experiences